Uzbekistan and its neighbours in Central Asia is where many of the wild species that have become important crops around the world (such things as apples, apricots, alfalfa, flax, garlic, almonds, pistachios, sesame, numerous types of beans come originally from the region). It is an extremely important place in terms of plant species diversity. Breeders still go there to find disease resistant, cold tolerant species due to the unique assemblage of endemic plant and animal species, it has amongst the most diverse area for many medicinally and chemically relevant groups of plants such as Allium, Artemisia, Astragalus, Ferula and Oxytropis.
Scientists in the region have since Medieval times studied the medical benefits of plants. In the 10th–11th centuries Abu Rayjon Beruni and Abu Ali ibn Sino (Avicenna) made great contribution to herbal medicine. Abu Rayhan Beruni (973–1048) famously wrote “Kitob as Saidana fit-t-tib” where edible plants were detailed and Abu Ali ibn Sino (980–1037) “Canon,” which contains five volumes, two volumes have been dedicated to medicinal plants. He described about 1,500 drugs and almost 1,000 species of medicinal plants, among them 20 species had been known from the ancient period as food plants. Since that time many other scientists have made their contribution by researching medicinal plants. In the 20th and 21st centuries, extensive research of the chemical and pharmacological properties of local medicinal plants has been conducted.
Uzbekistan has some 4,500 species of plants the following have been identified for medicinal purposes in Uzbekistan. (Main Source: Medicinal Plants of Central Asia: Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan, published by Science Direct )
Scientists in the region have since Medieval times studied the medical benefits of plants. In the 10th–11th centuries Abu Rayjon Beruni and Abu Ali ibn Sino (Avicenna) made great contribution to herbal medicine. Abu Rayhan Beruni (973–1048) famously wrote “Kitob as Saidana fit-t-tib” where edible plants were detailed and Abu Ali ibn Sino (980–1037) “Canon,” which contains five volumes, two volumes have been dedicated to medicinal plants. He described about 1,500 drugs and almost 1,000 species of medicinal plants, among them 20 species had been known from the ancient period as food plants. Since that time many other scientists have made their contribution by researching medicinal plants. In the 20th and 21st centuries, extensive research of the chemical and pharmacological properties of local medicinal plants has been conducted.
Uzbekistan has some 4,500 species of plants the following have been identified for medicinal purposes in Uzbekistan. (Main Source: Medicinal Plants of Central Asia: Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan, published by Science Direct )
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Family
Alliaceae
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Allium
barsczewskii Lipsky
|
Piez
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Bulbs
and pounded leaves are applied at the head against colds and flu, headache,
fever, and toothache. Seeds are eaten with bread in order to increase
appetite also used for treatment of skin diseases.
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A. jodanthum Vved
|
Yovoj
piozi
|
Leaves
and bulbs without stems are used against toothache and mumps, alcohol
extracts for disinfections of wounds.
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A. karataviense Regel
|
Chuchka
piez
|
Aerial
parts a vitamin source. Used against pneumonia and lung problems.
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A. majus Vved.
|
Piez
|
Bulbs
provide a vitamin Source
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A,motor.Kam et Levichev
|
Mador
|
Young
leaves are eaten in soups and 'somsa' which owns a specific activity as
tonic.
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A. praemixtum Vved.
|
Piez
|
Bulbs
provide a vitamin Source
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A. pskemense B.Fedtsch.
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Pskom
piozi
|
Bulbs
and leaves used against colds and flu, headache, fever, and toothache. Seeds
are eaten with bread in order to increase appetite.
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Allium
severtzovioides R.M. Fritsch
|
Tosh
motor
|
Fresh
leaves and bulbs without stems are locally applied against stomach and
duodenum diseases.
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A. suworowii Regel
|
Anzur
piozi
|
Bulbs
used as a vitamin source. Pickled bulbs are eaten against tuberculosis and
bronchitis.
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Family Anacardiaceae
|
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Pistacia
vera L.
|
Pista
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Nuts -
Cardiac, respiratory diseases
|
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Rhus
coriaria L.
|
Tatum
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Fruits
- Hypertension, gastric ulcer
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Family Apiaceae
|
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Bunium
persicum L.
|
Zira
|
Seeds -
Stomach diseases, spice
|
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Ferula
foetida (Bunge)
Regel
|
Sassik
kovrak
|
Leaves
-Wounds, diabetes, tuberculosis
|
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Mediasia
macrophilla (Regel
and Schmalh.) M. Pimen.
|
Alqor
ut
|
Aerial
parts - Spice, preservative
|
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Family Asphodelaceae
|
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Eremurus
regelii Vved.
|
Shirach
|
Young
leaves are a vitamin source
|
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E. robustus (Regel) Regel
|
Shirach
|
Young
leaves are a vitamin source
|
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E. turkestanicus Regel
|
Shirach
|
Young
leaves are a vitamin source
|
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Family Asteraceae
|
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Taraxacum
officinalle Web.
|
Koki
|
Leaves
Vitamin Source, skin diseases
|
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Family Berberidaceae
|
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Berberis
integerima Bunge
|
Zirk
|
Bark -
Liver and kidney diseases
|
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B.oblonga (Rgl.) Schneid.
|
Korazirk
|
Fruits
- Liver and kidney diseases
|
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Family Brassicaceae
|
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Capsella
bursa-pastoris (L.)
Medic.
|
Jag-jag
|
Aerial
parts - blood coagulant, vitamin source
|
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Family Capparacea
|
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Capparis
herbaceae L.
|
Kavor
|
Fruits
- Rheumatism, liver diseases
|
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Family Caryophyllaceae
|
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Allochrusa
gypsophiloides
(Regel) Schischk.
|
Bekh
|
Roots -
Saponin
|
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Family Cupressacea
|
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Juniperus
seravshanica Kom.
|
Archa
Urik
archa
|
Fruits
- Kidney, liver, urinary bladder diseases
|
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J. turkestanica Kom.
|
Fruits
- Rheumatism
|
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Family Elaegnaceae
|
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Elaegnus
angustifolia L.
|
Jida
Chakanda |
Fruits
– Treatment of bruises and wounds.
|
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Hippophae
rhamnoides L.
|
Fruits
- Uterine cervical erosion, for burn
|
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Family Juglandaceae
|
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Juglans
regia L.
|
Yongok
|
Nuts -
Diabetes, skin, tuberculosis
|
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Family Moraceae |
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Morus
alba L.
|
Tut
|
Fruits –
Diabetes
|
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Family
Punicaceae
|
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Punica
granatum L. Anor
|
Fruits
- Stomach diseases
|
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Family Rhamnaceae
|
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Ziziphus
jujuba Mill.
|
Unabi
|
Fruits
- Anaemia, asthma, kidney, hypertension
|
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Family Rosaceae
|
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Amygdalus
communis L.
|
Bodom
|
Oil.
Seeds - Asthma, cough, anaemia
|
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A.spinossima Bunge
|
Bodomcha
|
Oil -
Anaemia
|
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Crataegus
pontica C. Koch.
Crat. et Mesp. |
Dulana
|
Fruits
-Cardiac diseases, hypertension, sleeplessness
|
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C. turkestanica Pojark.
|
Qizil
dulana
|
Fruits
-Cardiac diseases, hypertension
|
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Rubus
idaeus L.
|
Parmanchak
|
Fruits
- vitamin source
|
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Rosa
canina L.
|
Itburun
|
Fruits
- vitamin source
|
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R. fedlshenkoana Regel
|
Namatak
|
Fruits
- vitamin source
|
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Sorbus
tianschanica Rupr.
|
Chetani
|
Fruits
- vitamin source
|
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Family Urticaceae |
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Urtica
dioica L.
|
Gazanda
ut
|
Aerial
parts - Blood coagulant, Vitamin Source
|